. Eliminating generic masculine pronouns precisely eliminates generic masculine pronouns. Zum heutigen Urteil des V. Zivilsenats, V ZR 299/19, Nichtigkeit des "Mietendeckels" - und jetzt drohen Kündigungen und Räumungen, Personenbezogene Daten aus öffentlichen zugänglichen Quellen sind kein Freiwild, LG Freiburg: Keine Kündigung eines Fitnessstudio-Vertrags wegen Corona-bedingter Schließung. In all the varieties of English analyzed, plural/neutral pronouns and determiners account for the majority of usages. A translation is greater than the sum of its parts. Leser kommentiert am Mi, 2020-12-02 09:23 Permanenter Link. This risk does not necessarily exist in German. As nouns the difference between masculine and generic. While both German and English have the generic masculine – das generische Maskulinum – one cannot simply use generic masculine nouns and pronouns in English. How, then, should one proceed in such cases? "Where a recipient of an allowance under section 4 absents themse… The third-person plural they and its inflected and derived forms (them, their, themselves, etc.) And a helpful generalization is this: what matters is not that individual words find individual renderings in the target language; what matters is that a translation reads as if it itself had been composed in the target language. Man is mortal. She reviews her employment agreement and realizes that she was referred to not as “die Arbeitnehmerin,” but as “der Arbeitnehmer” and that all the corresponding generic masculine pronouns were used, “er,” “ihn,” “sein.” She speaks to an attorney. way of saying farewell] gewöhnlich [herkömmlich, üblich, formelhaft: z. This male bias might be caused by the words themselves in terms of generic masculine or masculine forms or by androcentrism (the conflation of men with humanity). "Server" Instead of "Waiter" or "Waitress" In addition to combating the classification of restaurant … It merely establishes that, in certain cases, one need not, as a matter of law, refer to a female person with feminine nouns and pronouns in German. You use generic to describe something that refers or relates to a whole class of similar things. B. Verabschiedung] Unter folgender Adresse kannst du auf diese Übersetzung verlinken: https://www.dict.cc/?s=generic+masculine Second, one could translate each gender-specific pronoun with a placeholder, in square brackets, such as “[he/she],” “[him/her],” “[his/her],” which is to be exchanged for the proper pronoun when the agreement is prepared for use in a specific case. deemed so, in certain cases, by the German Federal Court of Justice, Fachliche und förmliche Vollständigkeit einer juristischen Fachübersetzung, Hinweise zur bestehenden Moderationspraxis, OLG Oldenburg: "Leivtec XV 3 ist noch immer nix", Sturz auf dem Weg ins Homeoffice ist kein Arbeitsunfall, OVG Berlin-Brandenburg: Pandemiebedingte Behandlungsverbote sind rechtmäßig, „Der zerbrochne Krug“ oder: Die Öffentlichkeitsarbeit der Bremer Staatsanwaltschaft im Fall „BAMF“, Der BGH und die "Altfälle" - im Regelfall doch prozessführungsbefugt! Between 1990 and 2009, instances of masculine generic pronouns and determiners, expressed as a percentage of total generic pronoun usage … If such an avenue is pursued in a complaint and if one is commissioned to translate the complaint, together with the employment agreement, then it will make sense to translate the employment agreement literally, at least in one respect. They encourage doctors to prescribe cheaper generic drugs instead of more expensive brand names. And biased language distracts from the purpose of the writing, when it is not central to that writing. Compare, for instance, the discussion in Anne Waddingham, ed. In other words, one can deliver not one, but two translations, a form of employment agreement for male persons and a form for female persons. 2 Compare The Chicago Manual of Style, 16th Edition. 3 (of a drug, food product, etc.) New York: Pergamon Press. (A ruling that never quite sat well with me, regardless of whether it is right as a matter of law.). That rule is this: do not use masculine-specific nouns and pronouns when the noun or pronoun stands specifically either for a female person or for a person of indeterminate gender. The resulting masculine bias in our language reflects and reinforces the pattern of male dominance in society. The same is not true of a German employment agreement for a female employee, which uses das generische Maskulinum. The man stubbedhis toe, or generic, e.g. In cases of exception, the answer is yes, if literal translation is indicated by the circumstances. You can complete the definition of generic masculine given by the English Cobuild dictionary with other English dictionaries : Wikipedia, Lexilogos, Oxford, Cambridge, Chambers Harrap, Wordreference, Collins Lexibase dictionaries, Merriam Webster ... English-Simple Definition dictionary : translate English words into Simple Definition with online dictionaries. In the case assumed here, the attorney goes on to determine that one, not the main, avenue of attack, will be to show how the employer insists on its rights, but disregards his client’s. views 3,629,309 updated. Zeilen und Absätze werden automatisch erzeugt. [2] For this reason, careful writers avoid it when reasonable differences of opinion may arise, which will prove unhelpful to the writing at hand. So, what to do in these cases? List of examples of singular "their" etc. In C. Kramarae (Ed. Nothing in that precedent establishes that one cannot refer to a female person with feminine nouns and pronouns in German. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 2010, page 301. That depends. from Jane Austen's writings. Examples include firefighter instead of fireman; flight attendant instead of steward or stewardess; bartender instead of barman or barmaid; and chairperson or chair instead of chairman or chairwoman. She discovers that she was snubbed for a promotion: a generally less qualified man was promoted instead. What about the case of a form of employment agreement drafted in German, which is intended to be used for both male and female persons and which uses das generische Maskulinum – that is, the employee is referred to only as “der Arbeitnehmer,” with all the generic masculine-specific pronouns? In this case, there are at least four conceivable courses of action. In cases in which literal translation along the lines sketched here are indicated, the guiding precept – if there is one to be riddle out here – is this: one must ignore the generally accepted rule of English composition and heed the general circumstances, in order to do justice to the source text. Many feminists argue for the elimination of the generic man and he and the substitution of non-GM words, e.g. allegedly they can be used sex-specifically to refer to males or generically to refer to creatures of unspecified sex, depending on whether the verbal context is male-specific, e.g.
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